Eap2
Research paper
Oct. 4. 2005
Written by Ryu. YongWoo


Abstract

When I was searching for articles about world businesses, I could find articles about intellectual property. Because nowadays I have heard the word “intellectual property” many times from media, the titles of these articles attracted my eyes. That is why I am writing about intellectual property. Intellectual property, often known as IP, means this; the ownership of one’s own creativity and innovation: inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce, in the same way that people can own physical property. Nowadays, these intellectual properties are debated a lot in many countries. Therefore in this article I will discuss intellectual property in each country’s point of view, and then think about the way of intellectual property and how to protect our intellectual property. Finally I will show you what should we do.


The Way of Intellectual Property

I want to discuss intellectual property, so called IP(copyright, patents, trademarks and so on). Intellectual property spreads out our daily life but we live without recognition. The music you listen, the movies you watch, and the information you search in web site are intellectual property (Liao, 2005).

In case of Korea there are many illegal usages about intellectual property. In music market many people do not buy the album of a singer any more. Instead of buying CD they download songs that they want to listen without paying money. In Korea there is a site to share mp3 file. As a result of these things, musicians can’t have incentive to make new songs and music market will be depressed naturally. In movie market there are similar situations. In street there are lots of copy DVD CDs, which are almost same qualities. But the price is less than half of original one. Many people also copy DVD movies using a P to P file sharing program. These things make movie industry degenerate. When people search information in Ethernet, most people use others’ information without payment. These are also illegal usage of intellectual property. Therefore nowadays many Koreans worried about these situations and start to pay attention to intellectual property.

In Japan they also worried about protecting intellectual property. According to patent attorney Yoichiro Komatsu (2005, Yomiuri Shimbun, The Daily Yomiuri July 27) in Japan there are not enough intellectual property lawyers. “Basically, there aren’t that many intellectual property lawyers who can handle patent-related cases because the cases themselves used to be far and a few between. You can’t handle such a case after only an hour’s study. The job requires quite a bit experience and willingness to learn the techniques needed. So, even if you’ve been told to master it quickly, you just can’t make it in time. That’s what I’m most concerned about.” Komatsu said.
Japanese have headaches about Chinese intellectual property rule. According to Tatsuhiko Sato, president of the Japan Patent Attorneys Association, the reason is that Chinese can register many foreign company brands if they are not well known to the Chinese public at that time. “A Chinese person registered a number of model names of Japanese cars, including Crown and Civic, as trademarks several years ago. The Chinese authorities can refuse trademark registration of a Japanese brand name if it is well known in China. But the model names of those cars are not yet well known to the Chinese public and the whole incident caused headaches to Japanese carmakers.”

In case of U.S.A, they are more progressive than others. According to US Fed News (2005, HT Media Ltd. All Rights Reserved US Fed News, April 14), “The United States has proposed establishing a Partnership Program within the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) that would further strengthen the contribution that WIPO and balanced intellectual property (IP) protection play in promoting development.” Mr. Paul Salmon of International Relations at the U.S. Patent and Trade Office, who is heading the U.S. delegation to the IIM, said “Intellectual property plays a critical and positive role in development. It encourages creativity and innovation, investment, technology transfer, and economic growth.” He added, “the United States believes that development concerns have been – and ought to be – integral to WIPO’s mission.” Americans believe that their proposal will be supported by developing countries and developed countries. according to US Fed News (2005, HT Media Ltd. All Rights Reserved US Fed News, April 14), to verify their belief, they show three examples: The first one is “a developing country culture ministry with museum experts, charitable organization and a regional development bank to exploit rich cultural assets in developing and least developed countries.” Second, “a developing country copyright collecting society with NGO’s having expertise and a developed county collecting society to ensure compensation to authors, producers and performers in developing countries.” the third example is “a developing country IP office with a developed country IP office and development funding, for automation projects, patent information dissemination, and so forth – so that developing countries’ institutions can enhance their access to knowledge and technology transfer.” As I said above, The United States tries to make IP protective with a global eye.

In spite of efforts to protect intellectual property, there are fatal weaknesses in protecting, so this intellectual property can easily be stolen by foreign companies, and it happens a lot.

Then, to protect our intellectual property, what should we do? There are three main things we should do.

First, we should know what intellectual property is exactly. Knowing what intellectual property is means that we can recognize what we should protect, or not. If more people value intellectual property, they will pass better laws to protect it. By making government aware of its value, by forcing government to make laws, we can protect our intellectual property. Intellectual property is divided into two categories: Industrial property, which includes inventions (patents), trademarks, industrial designs, and geographic indications of source; and copyright, which includes literary and artistic works such as novels, poems and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs. Rights related to copyright include those of performing artists in their performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and those of broadcasters in their radio and television programs. We need to know what each type includes in detail.

The second thing we have to do is education. Most businesses don't have experts about intellectual property, especially among small companies. So they don’t have skill and don’t know how to protect their intellectual property. Therefore the government has to educate these businesses about how to protect their intellectual property. As a part of this effort, nowadays the U.S government is holding some conferences to teach them and in the world people hold “The Paris Convention for the Protection Of Intellectual Property” which requires its member countries to provide protection of intellectual property against unfair competition.

The third is the law. In order to protect our intellectual property against thieves from foreign countries, we need to make more strict laws. For example, we should levy huge fines to counterfeiters and copiers, or reduce tax to promote companies investing in protecting their intellectual property.

Intellectual property has become a world issue and many countries try to make strict law to protect their intellectual properties, because many plunderers have an eye on other countries’ intellectual property. If we stand as a spectator, finally we will lose all our intellectual property. Therefore this is the time to put it into practice to protect ours.


Bibliography
Stiglitz, J.E. (2005, Aug 15). Intellectual property - right and
wong : The Korea Herald. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Sep 1.
US Fed News. (2005, Apr 14). U.S. proposes partnership program for world intellectual property organization: GEVEVA. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Sep 21.
Patrick Leahy, U.S. senator. (2005, May 25). Intellectual property piracy : Capitol hill hearing testimony. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Sep 23.
Sam Liao. (2005, Apr 11). Intellectual ‘property’: New Brunswick, N.J. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Sep 23.
Yomiuri. (2005, July 27). Planning national strategies : The Yomiuri Shimbun. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Sep 23.
World Intellectual Property Organization. (2005). Understanding industrial property. Retrieved from
http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/
http://www.intellectual-property.gov.uk/

Ryu. YongWoo
EAP2
Oct. 5. 2005
Practice Exam

Intellectual Property About Music

Nowadays, as Internet become popular, many people start to think about intellectual property. When we access to Internet, we can get a lot of information. That is, whenever we want to listen to the music, we can listen or download using Internet.

There are two opposite opinions about the way of music industry. One thing is we have to prohibit using intellectual property about music and the other is we should leave it as it.

The person who supports the former one insist that if many people try to download songs that they want to listen without payment using Internet like P-to-P file sharing site, musicians will lose their music market. They believe like this. As a result of these things, musicians can’t have incentive to make new songs and music market will be depressed naturally. They claim the strict protection of music industry.

There is another group that insists that we lease music industry as it is. Because, as a result of Internet, the cost to produce, distribute music is becoming cheaper than it used to. According to Wilfred Dolfsma (May 2000, par. 1), as information technology was developed and Internet became prevalent, “musicians can offer their music directly to their customers and it creates opportunities for new intermediaries to enter the market and offer a mix of new and already known service.” He said. “It also allow people to buy music conveniently and cheaply, in digital or physical form. Such developments pose a threat to exiting intermediaries in this industry such as music publishers, record companies, and retail outlets.” He added. They believe that sharing mp3 music files is ant harmful to music industry. The person who download mp3 files are usually kids and teenagers, so even if they can’t download music, they can’t afford to buy CD. They also think these downloading as kinds of advertisement. Downloading help songs become popular. So If real customer meet these song, they will buy CD (Silverstone 2005).

As I mentioned above, there are two different opinions. It is hard to say which is right, which is wrong because these matters about music market still are controversy. But we have to keep in mind this. When musicians produce songs, they do really hard works. Therefore they deserved to be compensated for their efforts.

Reference:
Wilfred Dolfsma. (2000, May 5). How will music industry weather the globalization storm? Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Oct 5
http://www.firstmonday.dk/issues/issue5_5/dolfsma/
Sean Silverstone. (2004, Jun 21).Working Knowledge, Harvard Business School. Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Oct 5
http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item.jhtml?id=4206&t=innovation

EAP2
Ryu. YongWoo
Sept. 8. 2005
midterm exam

GLOBALIZATION

As telecommunication and transportation are developed, the world becomes smaller. We can get information about all over the world from newspaper and we can see another countries on air from watching TV. Furthermore, we can go wherever we want to go within a day. We say that the world become globalizing.

At business point of view, globalization has a little different meaning, that is, globalization means this situation; as the trade between countries is getting increased, companies tend to sell their products not within their country but to the world. Therefore, company becomes muti-cooperation. We call this kind of tendency globalization in business. Then why do most corporations and businesses start the process of globalizing? The reason is simple. They try to make more money. In other words, without extending abroad it is impossible to survive in competition of world business. To survive, to make more profit they have see outside big market. This is the advantage of globalization. But, this is not main reason that company try to become globalizing. There is another important reason. To become globalizing means they can use their source very efficiently. For example, if the company from U.S.A extends their branch to china, they can use both sources, high technology from America and cheap working force from china.

In globalizing there are also side effects. As muti-cooperation become bigger, some products are under control of one company. That means that once a company become a muti cooperation company which no other companies can combat with, they can control all world-market freely. This can be very dangerous. There is a example. In computer part Microsoft cooperation monopolize all computer market. Therefore, no other cooperation can compete with Microsoft. No competition there is no development. The information on people, who is using Micro soft ware can be controlled by Microsoft. In that case that Microsoft abuses their authority power, it could be serious problem that nobody can guess.

To become globalizing, they should concern about political matter. Each country has a different rule. Therefore they have to change their operating system according to each country rule. They also concern about current rate, political relation and so on. Nevertheless the world-business tends to be globalizing. This situation is indispensable. Therefore, in order to improve our competitive power we should participate in this trend.

Ryu. YongWoo
EAP2
Sept. 19. 2005


How to protect our Intellectual Property


When I was searching for articles about world businesses, I could find articles about intellectual property. Because nowadays I have heard the word “intellectual property” many times from media, the titles of these articles attracted my eyes. That is why I am writing about intellectual property. Intellectual property, often known as IP, means this; the ownership of one’s own creativity and innovation: inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce, in the same way that people can own physical property. There are fatal weaknesses in protecting our intellectual property, so this intellectual property can easily be stolen by foreign companies, and it happens a lot.

To protect our intellectual property, what should we do? There are three main things we should do.

First, we should know what intellectual property is exactly. Knowing what intellectual property is means that we can recognize what we should protect, or not. If more people value intellectual property, they will pass better laws to protect it. By making government aware of its value, by forcing government to make laws, we can protect our intellectual property. Intellectual property is divided into two categories: Industrial property, which includes inventions (patents), trademarks, industrial designs, and geographic indications of source; and copyright, which includes literary and artistic works such as novels, poems and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs. Rights related to copyright include those of performing artists in their performances, producers of phonograms in their recordings, and those of broadcasters in their radio and television programs. We need to know what each type includes in detail.

The second thing we have to do is education. Most businesses don't have experts about intellectual property, especially among small companies. So they don’t have skill and don’t know how to protect their intellectual property. Therefore the government has to educate these businesses about how to protect their intellectual property. As a part of this effort, nowadays the U.S government is holding some conferences to teach them and in the world people hold “The Paris Convention for the Protection Of Intellectual Property” which requires its member countries to provide protection of intellectual property against unfair competition.

The third is the law. In order to protect our intellectual property against thieves from foreign countries, we need to make more strict laws. For example, we should levy huge fines to counterfeiters and copiers, or reduce tax to promote companies investing in protecting their intellectual property.

Intellectual property has become a world issue because many plunderers have an eye on other countries’ intellectual property. If we stand as a spectator, finally we will lose all our intellectual property. Therefore this is the time to put it into practice.

Reference:
Stiglitz, J.E. (2005, Aug 15). Intellectual property - right and wrong:
The Korea Herald.
Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Sep 1.
World Intellectual Property Organization. (2005). Understanding industrial property.
Retrieved from http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/
http://www.intellectual-property.gov.uk/

Ryu. YongWoo
EAP2
Sept. 13. 2005
Preliminary Outline

How To Protect Our Intellectual Property

I. Introduction
A. Background Information.
1. Intellectual property attract public gaze.
2. What is intellectual property?
a. Define the meaning
B. Problems about protecting intellectual property
a. Intellectual property can easily be stolen

II. Thesis: In order to protect intellectual property, there are three thing should be done.

III. Main Arguments
A. Should know what intellectual property is.
1. In intellectual property, there are two types.
B. Education
1. Most businesses don't have experts about intellectual property.
2. The government has to educate these businesses.
a. Nowadays, the U.S government is holding some conferences
C. The law
1. Make more strict laws.
a. Huge fines
b. Reducing tax to promote companies

IV. Conclusion
A. Intellectual property has become a world issue.
B. This is the time to protect our intellectual property.

EAP2
Yong Woo. Ryu
August 29, 2005

Intellectual Property – right and wrong

The current rules of the intenational economy were made not for the interests of the developing world but for the interests of the advanced industrial countries. Therefore it has slowed down the ability to use others’ ideas, then technological progress will suffer. Intellectual property rewards innovators by creating a temporary monopoly power. It may actually impede innovation. Indeed, a monopoly can use its market power to squelch competitors. The creation of any product requires many ideas. Let alone which ones are really new? Intellectual property is important, but the appropriate intellectual-property regime for developing country is different from that for advanced country. We should consider about which way is the best way to develop country.

Nowadays, Intellectual Property has become a big issue in the world, because people start to think the knowledge as property. Until now most people aren‘t cared about using other person’ s ideas and they never think that they should pay for it. However, without protection of intellectual property, there is no development.

As the technology was developed, it became easier for people get access to enormous information. Just by clicking, we can get whole information without pay. Here, there is a serious problem, because it gives people less incentive to make new one. Some people said that intellectual property make it hard to develop new innovators. They think that intellectual property right may impede innovation by increasing the price of research. However, reality is not like their shouts. For example, some car companies invest lots of money in designing parts and made new original models. If there is no protection for intellectual property, other company will imitate new models without investment. So nobody try to make new ones in advance. It will be the same situation in case of intellectual advance.

If we leave this matter unsettled, nobody will have incentive to develop new things. It can be new product, new idea or new information. Right now is the time to protect intellectual property.

Reference:
Stiglitz, J.E. (2005, Aug 15). Intellectual property - right and wrong:
The Korea Herald.
Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, 2005, Sep 1.

EAP2
Yong Woo . Ryu
August 29, 2005

The way to globalization

Globalization means the increased trade between countries. And according to R. Peters in “myths of globalization.” there are two wrong ideas about this. The first one is that globalization is a new thing which did not exist before. But if you look back to the history, you can see trade in the past that was similar to the present. There are many examples; Greek culture influenced India, pepper’s trade, the Islamic world brokered trade and so on. The second one is the idea that globalization accompanies peace. Historically there is no peace that lasted a long period; the hegemonic power always controls the rule. Nowadays we focus on hyper-globalization, which means we can’t guarantee security. As people know about each other, they are also aware of disparities. These can bring hatred. Globalization has both aspects, positive and negative. Therefore, whether it will be good or not depends on us.

We live in a global world. When you go to the market, you can see lots of products from different countries. When you watch TV, you can meet foreign countries in your sight, sometimes on the air. All people eat the same food, wear the same clothes and live in the same kind of house. These things are the evidence that our societies are globalized.

In this kind of situation we have to think about what is the good way to globalize. Through globalization all people can understand another culture and accept good things from others. These can be the food, the information and so on. But at the same time globalization bring disadvantages. First thing is the trade of crimes and drugs. As the trade increases, international crime rate increases and the number of addicted people also increase. Second is that people lose their good thing by following others. This is the serious problem. This mean there is no diversity. No diversity means no development because if everybody thinks in the same way and acts in the same way, they will not try to learn from each other. Therefore we should care about negative aspects.

We should see globalization as a different view. There is no meaning in globalization without diversity. Namely, without the knowledge of who you are globalization is meaningless. The most important thing is that you do not forget yourself and accept others.

Reference:
Peters, R. (2003.May 23) Myths of globalization. USA TODAY.
Retrieved from Lexis Nexis, Aug. 23, 2005.

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